Rotary kiln



De. 16, 1941. s. LINCOLN Em. 2,266,396

ROTARY KILN Filed May 31J 1941 Patented Dec. 16, 1941 n ROTARYKILN`Charles S. Lincoln and Arthur J. Jorgensen,

Wauwatosa, Wis., assignors to Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company,Milwaukee, Wis., a

corporation of Delaware Application May 31, 1941, Serial No. A396,038 1cclaims. '(cl, 26h32) This invention relates generally -to kilns and thelike and more particularly to an end section construction therefor. l

A kiln end section construction heretofore commonly employed comprises ametal wedge ring presenting an outerzcylindrical surface adapted toenga-ge the inner surface of a cylindrical kiln shell and the wedgering, which is usually formed with solid metal segments, is disposedpartially within the discharge end of the kiln shell and is securedthereto by means of radially extending bolts, rivets or the like. Theinner surface is covered with a refractory lining adapted to form acontinuation of the lining within said shell and the expansion of therefractory lining frequently shears the retaining bolts or rivets andforces one or more of the ring segments out the end of the kiln shell.Another kiln end section construction which also has heretofore beencommonly employed comprises in effect an angle shaped metal end ringhaving its inner surface protected by a refractory lining a part ofwhich lies partially within the angle. of this ring is not entirelyprotected by the refractory lining and consequently, the outer endflange is rapidly burned away by the high temperature material leavingthe kiln, and the ring, which becomes highly heated, warps and allowsthe refractory lining, which is then loose, to fall out the adjacent endof the kiln. Moreover, the metal ring, which is usually made in segmentsis in many instances removably secured to the metal shell of the kiln bymeans of bolts or the like 4which pass through alined openings providedin the inner ange of the ring and in the abutting or coacting flangeformed on or secured to the adjacent end of the shell and as a result,the ex- However, the outer end flange` ring segments are disposedconcentrically within the metal shell of the kiln and are securedthereto in a manner subjecting the metal end ring segments and thesecuring means therefor to the action of a cooling fluid.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved end sectionconstruction for kilns which is extremely durable and relativelyinexpensive and'which can be readily installed and replaced if necessarywith a minimum of eil'ort.

-The invention accordingly consists of the various features ofconstruction, combinations of elements and arrangements of parts as moreparticularly set forth in the appended claims and in the detaileddescription, in which:

1 is a sectional view of a kiln end section construction embodying theinvention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the end section constructiontaken on line III-II of Fig. 6;

3 is an end view of a retaining end ring segment; v

4 is a bottom view of the retaining end ring segment shown in Fig. 3;

pansion of the refractory lining may shear the kiln in a manner whichmaterially reduces warpage and the shearing stresses imparted to theretaining bolts and the like.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved endsection construction for kilns in that the refractory retaining metalend 5 is a partial sectional view taken on line V-V of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a. partial sectional View taken on line VI-VI of Fig. 2; and

VII-VII of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing and particularly Figs. 1 and 2, it is seen thatthe `kiln end section construction comprises a rubbing ring I, an endring 2, and a shell ring 3. The rubbing ring I has its inner surfaceprovided with a series of axially extending and circumferentially spacedribs 4 adapted to engage the outer surface of the kiln shell 6 anddefine therewith air passages 5 (see Fig. v5) which place the spaceprovided between the inner surface of the shell ring 3 and the opposdouter surfaces of the end ring 2 and the kiln shell 6 in communicationwith the atmosphere. The end portion of the shell Ii is provided withthree axially spaced and circumferentially extending series of openings1, 8 and 9, and the rubbing ring I is provided with two axially spacedand circumferentially extending series of openings II and I2 arrangedfor alinement with the series of openings 'I and 8 in the shell 6. Theopenings II and I2 extend through the ribs 4 as is best shown in Figs.l, 2 and 5. The rubbing ring I is first placed on the shell 6 with theseries of openings II and I2 alined with the series of openings 1 and 8,and the ring I is initially secured in this position by means of therivets I3 or the like which extend through the alined series of openingsI and II.

The end ring 2 is formed by a plurality of similar segments I4 eachhaving cylinder and cone frustum forming portions I6 and I1,respectively. The outer surface of each segment I4 is provided with twopairs of axially spaced bosses i8 and I9, respectively. The bowes Il andI9 each have an opening 2i and 22, respectively, which extendtherethrough in a radial direction and the arrangement of the bosses I8and I9 is such that the openings 2l and 22 can be alined with the seriesof openings 8 and 9, respectively, in the kiln shell 6. The bosses I9are dimensioned to extend within the series of openings 8 in the shell ito thereby aid in correctly positioning and retaining the segments I4within the discharge end of the kiln sneu 6. The openings 2I and 22 eachterminate in an enlarged bolt head receiving recess 23 and 24,respectively, formed in the inner surface of the segment I4 as isclearly indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6. The outer end portion of eachboss I8 is provided with a locking lug receiving recess 25. Theend ring2 is formed by placing the segments I4 within the shell in abutting ringforming relation with the bosses I9 extending within the openings 8 inthe shell S and with the bosses I8 engaging the inner surface of theshell B with the openings 2l alined with the openings 9 therein. Therings are retained in thisA position while assembling the shell ring 3thereon by inserting short bolts 26 through alternate alined openings 9and 2l as is best indicated by Figs. 1, 2 and 6.

The shell ring 3 is also formed by a plurality of abutting ring formingsegments 21, 28 and -29 as is best seen in Fig. 7. The segments 21' eachhave a plane surfaced edge 3| and an oppositely facing stepped edge 32presenting a plane surfaced riser portion 33 and a tread portion 34adapted to abut the plane surfaced edge and the underside surface,respectively, of the next adjacent blade segment. The segment 28 hasoppositely facing stepped edges 36 and 31 which are similar to thestepped edges 32 on the segments 21. The segment 29 is provided withoppositely facing plane surfaced edges 38 and 39. The inner surface ofeach of the segments 21, 28 and 29 is provided with locking or holdinglugs 4I adapted to extend within the recess 25 provided in the bosses i8on the coactng end ring segment I4 thereby retaining the shell ringsegments 21, 28 and 29 against axial movement relative to the end ringsegments I4. The shell ring segments 21, 28 and 29 are each providedwith axially spaced openings 42 and 43 arranged for alinement with theseries of openings 8 and 9, respectively, in the shell, and with theopenings 42 also alined with the openings I2 in the rubbing ring l. Theshell ring segments 28 and 21 are assembled in abutting relation in theorder named and in the manner indicated in Fig. 7, the segments beingheld in place'by means of the locking lugs 4I and by means of bolts 44and 48 which extend through the groups of alined openings 22, 8, I2 and42 and through alternate groups of alined openings 2l, 9 and 43,respectively, until completion of the ring can be eected by insertingthe segment 29. The segment 29 is also secured in place by means ofbolts 44 and 48 of which bolts 4# are shown in Fig. '7. 'I'he last orclosing segment 29 is moved into place and its plane edges 38 and 39coact with the stepped edges 31 and 32 on the abutting segments 28 and2l, respectively, and forms therewith a Sealed joint. The end portionsof the segments 21 and 28 which engage the rubbing ring. present planesurfaced abutting edges as is best indicated in Figs. l and 2 which showthat the stepped edges thereon terminate adjacent the proximate edge ofthe rubbing ring.

The shell 6 is also provided with another circumferentially extendingseries of openings 41 which connect the space 43 formed between theinner surface of the shell ring 3 and the outer opposed surfaces of thekiln shell 6 and the end ring 2 with the space 49 provided between theinner surface of the shell 8 and the opposed outer surface of the endring 2 as is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 6 and '1. This construction providesin effect an outer annular cooling space 48 which communicates with aninner annular cooling space 49 through the openings 41 and through thespace provided between the bosses I8. The inner surface of the shell 6is provided with a suitable refractory lining 5l and the entire nnersurface of the end ring 2 is also covered with a refractory lining 52which forms a. continuation of the shell lining 5I. The rubbing ring lcoacts with an annular seal ring 53 which in turn is associated withtheV hood structure 54 only a portion of which is shown in the interestof simplicity.

This construction provides a cooled end section construction sincecooling air enters the space 48 through the axially extending passages 5formed by the ribs 4 on the rubbing ring I and some of the air alsopasses from the space 48 through the openings 41 and into the space 49.'I'he air leaves the space 49 by the passages provided between thebosses I8. The discharge end of the kiln is relatively hot andconsequently a continuous gravity circulation of air takes place in theannular spaces 48.and 49 as indicated by the arrows shown on Figs. l and2. thereby maintaining the temperature of the end and shell rings withinsafe limits. I9 extend snugly within the openings8 thereby acting tomaintain the end ring segments properly positioned within the shell ringIi and consequently materially reduces the shearing stresses imparted tothe retaining bolts 26, 44 and 46 by the relative expansion of thelining 5I and the shell 6. Moreover, the shell ring segments 21, 28 and29 are interlocked with the outer end portion of the end ring segmentsI4 thereby preventing a material degree of looseness which is frequentlyexperienced in the known structures of this type due to Warpage of thecoasting segments. Furthermore, the cooling of the end and shell ringsegments prevents the occurrence of material differences in temperatureand thereby the destructive relative expansion of the coacting partswhich is also common in the known kiln end section constructions. Inaddition, the formation of the shell ring in the manner previouslydescribed provides a sealed ring structure which can be readilyassembled and which -can be readily disassembled in the event repairsare necessary.

The invention is of general application with respect to the end sectionconstruction for kilns employed in sintering or agglomeratingnodular andfinely divided materials of all types, and it should therefore beunderstood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exactdetails of construction herein shown and described as variousmodifications within the scope of the appended claims may occur topersons skilled ln the art.

The bosses 4adjacent one end thereof and a converging portion whichextends from said cylindrical portion in the direction of the said oneend of the shell and in diverging relation with respect to the innersurface thereof comprising a metal ring segment having adjoiningcylinder and cone frustum forming portions, and said segment having theouter surface' of, its cone frustum forming portion provided with aboss'adapted to 4engage the inner surface of said shell.

2. A member adapted to coact and form with similar members a liningretaining end ring presenting a cylindrical portion adapted to engagethe inner surface of a cylindrical kiln shell adiacent one end thereofand a converging portion which extends from said cylindrical portion inthe direction of the said one end of the shell and in diverging relationwith respect tothe inner surface thereof comprising a metal ring segmenthaving adjoining cylinder and cone frustum forming portions, and saidsegment having its outer surface provided with axially spaced bosses oneof which is disposed on said-cylinder forming portion and the other ofwhich is disposed on said cone frustum forming portion.

3. A member adapted to coact and-form with similar members a liningretaining end ring presenting a cylindrical portion adapted to engagethe inner surface of a cylindrical kiln shell adjacent one end thereofand a converging portion which extends from said cylindrical portion inthe direction of the said one end of the shell and in diverging relationwith respect to the inner surface -thereof comprising a metal ringsegment having adjoining cylinder and cone frustum forming portions,said segment having its outer surface provided with axially spacedbosses one of which is disposed on said cylinder forming portion and theother of which is disposed on said cone frustum forming portion, saidbosses each having an opening extending therethrough in a radialdirection, and saidv segment having its inner surface provided withaxially spaced bolt head receiving recesses disposed in alinement withand forming continuations of the openings in'said bosses.

4. A kiln end section construction comprising a cylindrical shell, anend ring presenting a cylindrical portion adapted to engage the innersurface of said shell adjacent .one end thereof and a convergingportion, said converging portion having on its outer surface acircumferentially extending series of bosses adapted to engage the innersurface of said shell, said end ring being disposed in concentricrelation with respect toA said one end of the shell with saidcylindrical portion engaging the inner surface of said shell adjacentthe said one end thereof and with said bosses engaging the inner surfaceof said shell at points between said cylindrical portion and the saidone end of the shell, means including said bosses for securing said endring to the said one end of the shell, and a heat resistant liningcovering the inner surface of said end ring.

5. A kiln end section construction comprising a cylindrical shellprovided with a circumferentially extending series of openings adjacentone thereof, an lend ring presenting a cylindrical portion adapted toengage the inner surface of said shell lil) portion, said convergingportion having on its outer surface a circumferentially extending seriesof bosses adapted to engage the inner surface of said shell, said endring being disposed inconcentric relation with respect to said one endof the shell with said cylindrical portion engaging the inner surface ofsaid shell adjacent the said one end thereof and with said bossesengagingthe inner surface of said shell at points between 4saidcylindrical portion and the said one end of the shell, said series ofopenings providing cooling fluid passages connecting the spacesurrounding said shell with the space provided between said convergingportion of the end ring and the opposed inner surface of said shell,means including said bosses for securing said end ring to the said oneend of the shell, and a heat resistant lining covering the inner surfaceof said end ring.

6. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided with acircumferentially extending series of openings adjacent one end thereof,a segmental end ring adapted to be inserted into said one end of theshell and having its outer surface provided with a plurality of axiallyspaced bosses some of which are arranged for alinement with the seriesof openings in said shell, said end ring being disposed in concentricrelation with respect to the said one end of the shell with said some ofthe bosses extending within said openings in said shell and with theothers of said bosses engaging the inner surface of said shell at pointsbetween said series of openings and the said one end of the shell, meansincluding said bosses for securing said end ring to the said one end ofthe shell, and a heat resistant lining cov' ering the inner surface ofsaid end ring.

'7. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided withaxially spaced and circumferentiallyl extending ,series `of openingsadjacent one end thereof,l a segmental end ring having its outer surfaceprovided with a plurality of bosses similarly arranged with respect tothe' openings in said shell, said bosses each having an openingextending therethrough in a radial direction, said end ring beingdisposed in concentric relation with respect to the said one end of theshell with some of said bosses extending within the openings of one ofsaid'series and with others of said 1 vided with a plurality of axiallyspaced bosses some of which are arranged for alinement with the seriesof openings in said shell, said end ring being disposed in lconcentricrelation with respect to the said one end of the shell with said some ofthe bosses extending within the openings of said series and with theothers of said bosses engaging the inner surface of said shell at pointsbetween said series of openings and the said one end of the shell, saidothers of said bosses being effective to maintain a major portion of theouter surface of said end ring spaced from the opposed inner surface ofsaid shell so as to form therebetween an annular cooling space, meansincluding said bosses forvsecuring said end ring to the said one end ofthe shell, and a heat resistant lining covering the inner surface ofsaid end ring.

9. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided with twoaxially spaced and'circumferentially extending series of openingsadjacent one end thereof, a segmental end ring having its outer surfaceprovided with a plurality of' bosses similarly arranged with respect tothe openings in said shell, said bosses each having an openingextending'therethrough in a radial direction, said end ring beingdisposed in concentric relation with respect to the said one end of theshell with some of said bosses extending within the openings of the oneof said series farthest fronisaid one end of the shell and with otherscf said bosses engaging the inner surface of said shell with theiropenings disposed in alinement with the openings of theother of saidseries, said others of said bosses being effective to maintain a majorportion of the outer surface of said end ring spaced from the opposedinner surface of said shell so as to form therebetween an annularcooling space, means including said bosses and openings for securingsaid end ring to the said one 'end of the shell, and a heat resistantlining covering the inner surface of said end ring.

10. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell, a rubbing ringsecured in spaced concentric relation about an end portion of saidshell, an end ring disposed partially within said end of the shell andhavingits entire inner surface provided with a heat resistant lining, a.shell ring having one side portion engaging the edge portion of theexposed outer surface of said end ring and having its other side portionengaging the adjacent end of said rubbing ring, said rubbing and shellrings coacting with said shell and the exposed outer surface of said endring to form therewith an annular cooling fluid space, and meanssecuring said end ring to the said end of said shell and said shell ringto said end and rubbing rings.

l1. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell, a rubbing ringsecured in spaced concentric relation about an end portion of saidshell, an end ring disposed partially within said end of the shell andhaving its entire inner surface provided with a heat resistant a shellring having one side portion engaging the edge portion of the exposedouter surface of said end ring and having its other side portionengaging the adjacent end of -said rubbing ring, said shell ring havingan interlocking connection with said' end ring, said rubbing andshellrings coacting with said shell and the exposed outer surface of said endring to form therewith an. annular cooling uid space, and means securingsaid end ring to the vsaid end of said shell and said shell ring to saidend and rubbing rings.

12. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell, provided with acircumferentially extending series of openings adjacent one Yendthereof, a rubbing ring secured in spaced concentric relation about anend portion of said shell, an end ring disposed partially within saidend of the shell and having its entire inner surface provided with aheat resistant lining, a shell ring having one side portion engaging theedge portion of the exposed outer surface of said end ring and havingits other side portion engaging the adjacent end of said rubbing ring,said rubbing and shell rings coacting with said shell and the exposedouter surface of said end ring to form therewith an annular coolingiiuid space, said series of openings providing cooling fluid passagesconnecting the space provided between said shell and rubbing ring withthe space provided between said coverglng portion of the end ring andthe opposed inner surface of said shell, and means securing said endn'ng to the said end of said shell and said shell ring to said rubbingring.

13. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided with acircumferentially extending series of openings adjacent one' endthereof, a rubbing ring disposed in spaced concentric relation aboutsaid one end of said shell, a segmental end ring having its outersurface provided with a plurality of vspaced bosses arranged foralinement with the openings in said shell, said end ring being disposedpartially within said one end of the shell with said bosses extendingwithin said openings, a shell ring having one side portion engaging theedge portion of the exposed outer surface of said end ring and havingits other side portion engaging the adjacent end of said rubbing ring,said rubbing and shell rings coacting with said shell and the exposedouter surface of said end ring to form therewith an annular coolingfluid passage, means including Said bosses for securing said end ring tothe said one end of the shell and said shell ring to said end andrubbing rings,

and a heat resistant lining covering the inner surface of said endr'ing.

14. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided with acircumferentially extending series of openings adjacent one end thereof,a rubbing ring secured in spaced concentric relation about said one endof the shell, a segmental end ring having its outer surface providedwith a plurality of axially spaced bosses some of which are arranged foralinement with the series of openings in said shell, said end ring beingdisposed partially within said one end of the shell and with some of thebosses extending within said openings and with the others of said bossesengaging the inner surface of said shell atrpoints between said seriesof openings and the said one end of the shell, said others of saidbosses being effective to maintain a major portion of the outer surfaceof said end ring spaced from the opposed inner surface of said shell, ashell ring having one side portion engaging the edge portion of theexposed outer surface of said end ring and having its other side portionengaging the adjacent end of said rubbing ring, said rubbing and shellrings coacting with said shell andthe exposed outer surface of said endring to form therewith an annular cooling fluid passage forming acontinuation of the space provided between the outer surface of said endring and the opposed inner surface of said shell, means including saidbosses for securing said end ring to the said one end of said shell andsaid shell ring to said end and rubbing rings, and a heat resistantlining covering the inner surface of said end ring.

15. A kiln end section construction comprising a shell provided with twoaxially spaced and circumferentially extending series of openingsadjacent one end thereof, a rubbing ring secured in spaced concentricrelation about said one end of the kiln and having a series of openingstherein disposed in alinement with the openings of the circumferentiallyextending sexies farthest from the said one end thereof, a segmental endring having its outer surface provided with a pluraliti7 of bossessimilarly arranged with respect to the openings in said shell, saidbosses each having an opening extending therethrough in a radialdirection, said end ring being disposed partially within the said oneend of the shell with some of said bosses extending within the Openingsoi said series farthest from ythe said one end of the shell with othersof said bosses engaging the inner surface of said shell with theiropenings disposed in alinement with the openings in the other of saidcircumferentially extend' g series, said others of said bosses beingeffective to maintain a major portion of the outer surface of said endring spaced from the opposed inner surface of said shell, a shell ringhaving one side portion engaging the edge portion of the exposed outersurface of said end ring and having its other side portiontelescopically engaging the adjacent end of said rubbing ring, saidrubbing and shell rings coacting with said shell and the exposed outersurface of said end ring to form therewith an annular cooling fluidspace forming a continuation of the space provided between the outersurface of said end ring and the opposed inner surface of said shell,said shell ring having a series of openings therein disposed inalinement with the openings in said other of the circumferentiallyextending series, means including said bosses and openings for securingsaid end ring to the said one end of said shell and said shell ringtosaid end and 'rubbingl rings, and a heat resistant lining covandincluding at least one segment having a plane surfaced edge and anoppositely facing stepped edge presenting a plane surfaced riser portionand a tread portion adapted to abut the plane surfaced edge and theunderside surface, respectively, of the next adjacent segment, anothersegment having oppositely facing stepped edges similar to the steppededge on said one segment with one of its said stepped edges abutting theplane surfaced edge on the said one segment and with its other steppededge'disposed in spaced opposed relation with respect to the steppededge on the said one or a similar segment, and a ring closing segmenthaving oppositely facingV plane surfaced edges disposed in abuttingrelation with respect to the spaced opposed stepped edges presented bysaid another segment and the said one or a similar segment.

' CHARLES S. LINCOLN.

ARTHUR J. JORGENSEN.

